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The Future of Video

Back of a Blu-ray Disc. I took this.
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Our two pet interests right now seem to be netbooks and video, although there are a lot of other things we find interesting.

Engadget HD asked yesterday whether or not people are still buying DVDs. A poll of people reading a site with HD in the name, indicating the bulk of the readers are likely serious video enthusiasts, more likely to be new technology adopters. However, that said, why are people not buying DVDs in such numbers as they once did?

Some of that is definitely blu-ray. But the price point for blu-ray, especially in this economy, is still not at the level where everything would buy one. A DVD player can be had for dirt cheap. So, yes, people are still buying DVDs. Those economizing are renting them, with Netflix, or even using their computer to watch free or paid content.

Avner Ronen, the CEO of Boxee, commented on Thursday that content companies and cable and IPTV service providers alike are trying to “use their leverage to better survive or avoid change” that is coming to the media industry. “No one likes change except Obama,” he quipped.

Cable programmers receive $22 billion in subscriber fees each year, which makes those providers, and the cable companies who pay the fees to ensure their customers have access to such content, reluctant to change. Recognizing that the web won’t wait for them indefinitely, many cable companies are planning to offer access to online content as part of their subscription-based plans. Private companies like Netflix could even buy those rights as well, allowing them to get into this market.

Mark Cuban responded to Ronen’s comments about how the future of video programming is ala carte with his own thoughts. Mark Cuban is the chairman of HDNet, an all HD programming network, among other things. (Please forgive me for the disjointed nature of the rest of this post, as I try to consolidate a lot of blog comments into a coherent thread)

Why does he, like so many other internet people think content producers are stupid ? Has he, along with so many others pushing internet video not noticed what is happening to the revenues of the content and distribution industries ? Ad Revenues are falling. Quickly. DVD sales are slowing. The per subscriber fees they are getting paid are going up. Not only are they going up, they are consistent.

Now I dont know about you, but for HDNet and my other content companies, we tend to be very nice to those of our customers who pay us every month. Commentary from cable networks and their content producers are saying the same thing. They can’t afford to upset the people who pay the bills.

We agree, the cable company initiative to bring things online for subscribers has a good chance of success because it makes these service contingent on cable subscriptions, and the content providers are very likely to agree to that unless another way to make more money on streaming media is offered. And the cable company keeps increasing rates, perhaps because of falling revenues. But if they don’t get it under control, more and more subscribers will flee.

Cuban goes on the endorse metered Internet, which is a likely alternative manner that cable companies who act as broadband service providers might use to ensure their revenues.

Ronen responded, with a post on the Boxee Blog, maintaining it is not the bundled offering that is going away, but the concept of a channel and the idea that the cable company is the one deciding what content is included in the bundle. As he puts it(we cleaned it up a bit for readability):

As a cable channel your primary concern is your ability to negotiate your way into the basic cable package with as many cable operators, and to get the highest fee for it.

In an Internet/on-demand world your primary concern is the quality of your content, since you are held accountable by the consumer. if consumers want your content they will be willing to pay for it either with cash or with their time (watching ads).

I understand it is a lucrative business. You invest in 1-3 originally produced (or exclusively licensed) core programs, come up with 5-7 cheap to produce shows, license a bunch of syndicated content, get cable companies to carry it and voila! you’ve got a great business. But this model breaks in an on-demand world, and while it may take a few years, the change is inevitable.

Cuban shot back his own reply, pointing out that the Video-On-Demand model works better if the cable company is delivering it with unlimited bandwidth to your device. We tend to agree that the limiting factor on the future of IPTV is bandwidth, but bandwidth to the house continues to increase as user demand encourages infrastructure increase. We have no good way of summarizing his thoughts on why channels will always exist, so we include an excerpt of it here.

The concept of “users always want choice” really really sounds nice. It makes for a great panel argument. But the reality is that its not true. Ultimate choice requires work. Consumers like to think they have choice, but their consumption habits say they prefer easy. Youtube is the perfect example. Millions upon millions of choices that never get seen. The videos that get posted and expected to be seen are the ones from traditional media and providers that already have an audience, ala jon stewart. The rest have to fight for an audience.

TV Guide and guide listings provided onscreen by the cable company allow people to plan what they want to watch, coupled with DVRs to allow them to decided when to watch it. That means people are already migrating to ala carte. Millions of choices may not be seen on TV as well. We know we can’t devote the time to search through 24 hours of programming on the hundreds of channels our cable company bundles in to get the ones we really want.

Having online content as part of a cable subscription is good, but having it as the only option is bad. Competition and variety encourages not only innovation, but keeps prices from being overly inflated. As Avner put it…

I would love for my Cable/Telco providers to focus on being great network providers rather than try to decide what content i should or should not have access to, what application i should or should not run, invent new standards for Interactive TV, Enhanced TV, whatever TV. all with the goal of trying to maintain control, so they don’t lose a grip of their lucrative business model.

Their network infrastructure is a great asset. Their billing relationship with the user is another one. They should try to build their future business around these two foundations.

Innovation in the living room will not come from the set-top makers or the networks. If you would like to see the wild creativity of the Internet come to the TV screen, well you need to let the Internet come to the TV screen..

The arguments and comments seem to go on forever. But what it boils down to is this: no content provider would hurt their profit margins partnering for a subscription-based internet alternative to cable as cable subscribers look for less expensive alternatives. Cable isn’t dead and likely won’t be if they change and grow with the times. People are willing to watch commercials on their computer to get content legally, ala Hulu. US internet infrastructure needs to keep up with the increased bandwidth demand this technology is generating. And finally…things will change. We just have to wait and see how.

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Published on March 22, 2009
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Linux for Netbooks

Knoppix to the rescue / Knoppix al rescate
Image by Oneras [what about peace?] via Flickr

We’ve been expanding our reading to include a variety of new information sources daily. After our recent thoughts on netbooks, we did a little research and found out that Knoppix released a new version last month.

We admire Knoppix, which was the original bootable live Linux CD, and did a lot to advance the cause. Now every distribution offers a live CD, but Knoppix is still known for its flexibility. Recently, Dmitri Popov of Linux Magazine said that due to its excellent hardware detection, blazingly fast boot process, and the lightweight LXDE desktop environment(which we previously mentioned), Knoppix 6.0 makes a perfect distro for netbooks.

Even though it isn’t designed specifically for netbooks, Knoppix can be installed to a USB key and offers a variety of boot options that would work. Also, the replacement of KDE with LXDE lightens the load considerably. Popov follows up in an additional article here. In that article, one of the commenters points out that most standard distributions are not optimized for the Atom processor, nor are they customized for the Solid State Drives(SSD) common on some systems.

Solid State Drives are limited in the number of writes compared to a conventional hard drive, but offer fast reads. Originally the primary drive type in netbooks, they have been replaced with more convention hard drives due to various problems in their longevity and reliability. One only need to read reviews of these items over at Newegg to see some complaints, leading us to believe that until further notice, SSD drives should not be relied on as a primary drive. There are ways to partition your drives to reduce wear, however.

A few distributions customized for netbooks are available. Easy Peasy is a customized distribution of Ubuntu for netbooks. Ubuntu has a Netbook Remix shipped with several netbooks based on the Moblin Project. The Moblin Project, sponsored by Intel, aims to create a netbook OS based on Linux and optimized for its Atom processor. Intel switched from an Ubuntu to a Fedora base for the project, claiming the move to Fedora was largely a “technical decision based on the desire to adopt RPM (Red Hat Package Manager) for package management” instead of Ubuntu’s Debian DEB extension. RPM offers the advantage of containing license information, thereby enabling developers to create collections of software by license type or exclude software by license type.

An alternative is Eeebuntu, another customized Ubuntu distribution specifically for the Eee, possessing a custom kernel for those machines. For additional distributions, check out Linux Netbook, or similiar sites.  Our favorite distribution, Fedora, is behind, although there is a SIG for Fedora Mini, which may pop up as a future spin. They are already focused on reducing dependencies so Fedora could fit into the smallest space possible for netbooks, mobile internet devices, and possibly future set top box hardware.

We look forward to more, as more distributions create optimized versions for the Atom Processors and special spins designed to work with these netbooks. Keep reading.

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Published on March 22, 2009
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Calling on Linux

The results of Lifehacker‘s Hive Five for Best Linux Distributions came out this week. Taking the lead are Debian-based distributions Debian, Ubuntu, and Linux Mint. Mint is a version of Ubuntu which is a version of Debian. Behind them was Fedora, our distribution of choice, then Gentoo. Fedora, is, of course, the distribution used by Linus Torvalds, the Father of Linux. We’ve stated and continue to state our thought about Linux on many occasions.

Coming in, interestingly enough, on the heels of the announcement was the release of Presto Beta. Presto is a $20 paid(or will be when it moves out of beta on April 13th) distribution of Linux based on Xandros, and is billed as a fast-loading Linux desktop you install from Windows. It was built for boot-up speed, and intends to give laptop users an alternative system to jump into when they really just want to do something quick without having to wait for a full OS to boot up. Manufacturers have been offering an alternate instant-on Linux-based system called Splashtop, which they have embedded into chips on many motherboards.

We are looking forward to the next version of Fedora, where they are trying to achieve a goal of a 20-second to login-screen startup. They may not reach it, but we’re sure they’ll get the time down as much as they can. We also, despite our interest in out-of-the-box bundles, can suggest a variety of tweaks for many Linux distributions to scale them down.

For example, Fedora and Ubuntu defaultly use Gnome as its desktop manager. Gnome can be replaced, for example, with XFCE or LXDE, both more lightweight. LXDE is recommended for netbooks for that reason. Openbox is a lightweight Window manager that will work under Gnome and offers many memory improvements and simplifications over alternatives. XFCE is another lightweight desktop manager, offered as the primary desktop on a special custom spin of Fedora.

With a few simple tweaks, one can get good results out of any Linux distribution on one’s hard drive. And the distributions, not just Fedora, are working on the issue as well, looking for places the default configuration can be altered to remove unnecessary or redundant commands that slow it, or for places to optimize.

For those of you with netbooks, check out this review of several custom spins of various Linux distributions optimized for netbooks. We have yet to see a community supported distribution of Fedora for netbooks, but we are sure someone will jump on that. Until then, we also wonder if there is a way to configure the boot loader to offer booting up into a stripped down desktop/window manager and configuration or a full Gnome launch, allowing you to switch between the two on the same OS from startup. If there isn’t, might be worth setting up.

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Published on March 20, 2009
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Streaming Video Update

Boxee iPhone app
Image by nwistheone via Flickr

On Tuesday, we’re heading down to the Boxee NYC meetup. For those of you not coming(probably a lot of people), they will stream it live here. We’ll blog a bit about the experience of hanging out with 650+ Boxee enthusiasts when we get back from it. The meetup will launch a new version of the Boxee Alpha, as well as discussing some of the changes planned for when the product moves into beta. seveal guest content providers, such as Blip.tv, a surprise guest, and a q&a session.

A few other things that we’ve spotted:

  • Boxee released an iPhone app to allow the iPhone to act as a remote control. For those of you with iPhones, the screenshots look like this is a wonderful addition to their offerings.
  • In a recent post, we mentioned that Windows Media Center users were having trouble with guide data. Engadget reports that some, but not all of that has been resolved after they blogged about it. They have restored analog guide data which was used to populate digital channels, which means it is still not entirely accurate.
  • In our search for new media hardware and apps, we cannot always present our own reviews, as we don’t have the money to buy everything we like the sound of(Someone can send us free things though, and we guarantee we’ll review them fully). Engadget reviewed the Popcorn Hour A-110. The Popcorn Hour line of products sounds very promising, even if used only as a media streamer from your computer. The final line of their review of the item sums it up: “While it can do just about anything, we didn’t find it super easy and wouldn’t expect those without a fundamental knowledge of networking and video to be able figure how to make it do anything useful. But for those who like to tinker, you’re in for a real treat.” We like to tinker, but we hope firmware and future updates will enhance the product offering.  If so, we are in the market for a set top device that can play all the stuff we normally use an HTPC to play.
  • iPlayer, the BBC’s internet streaming player, may bump itself up to HD offerings as soon as April. Unfortunately, the BBC doesn’t allow us here in the US to stream using their player…at least not officially.
  • The daughter of a Spanish city councilor used her mom’s 3G modem to download episodes of Lost, not realizing that the size of the episodes would end up costing $40,000 in data fees, or $300 an episode.

Otherwise, we continue to look for new news on easy streaming video, and to make plans to enhance our broadcast offerings, mostly by trying to pick up stations farther away.

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Published on March 20, 2009
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Digital TV Continues Its March Toward June

A broadcasting center at a TV Studio in Olympi...
Image via Wikipedia

Another 158 stations will be shutting off their analog broadcast before June 12, the revised shutoff date. Fifty-eight of those stations are PBS stations, many of which cannot afford the continual expense of analog broadcasts. The FCC could prohibit a station from shutting down early to make sure that people can get at least one station broadcasting in analog in their area. Here is the list of all 158 in PDF Format.

We predict as time continues, more stations will opt to switch to digital early. Month to month, more people prepare for the digital transition, stations feel more confident with the early switch. It may be by the end, only some of the network affiliates will be left.

Engadget HD points out that Windows Media Center is not quite ready for the digital transition. It needs to release some patches to provide proper guide data for digital broadcast channels. We prefer MythTV, an open-source DVR which, in combination with Schedules Direct(a $20 a year nonprofit TV listings service), has fairly accurate scheduling data and has great support for OTA(cable as well, but cable providers often encrypt channels).

The irony of digital broadcasts is that, without moving our old roof-mounted antenna which was installed with the building a quarter century ago, we’ve had a wide variance in quality. We picked up cable around 2000, when the quality of network broadcasts in analog dropped to the point it was difficult to watch. That kept us off analog till last year, when we bought an indoor antenna to see what we could pick up, and ultimately reconnected a wire to the old antenna on the roof. Since then, without again touching the antenna on the roof at all, the digital reception has decreased to lose us two local PBS affiliates, and a local MyNetwork affiliate. We may need to replace or investigate that one of these days.

On a positive note though, the stations we do get are crystal clear. Which is certainly an advantage. More on this later…

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Published on March 19, 2009
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Netbooks, Glorious Netbooks

Asus Eee PC 1000HA vs. MSI Wind U100 - 8
Image by inju via Flickr

We just acquired our first netbook. We’ve been thinking about getting one of these for our mobile computing needs, but we held off, and we’re happy we did. The first netbook, the Asus Eee had a 7″ screen, a small solid state drive, a Celeron processor, and limited RAM, caught our interest for its small size.

Now, most netbooks have 10″ screens, solid state drives have been tabled till they become more stable and reliable, replaced with more conventional hard drives. Most of them use the Intel Atom N270 CPU. They are optimized for low power consumption. Ironically, while the Atom chipset is optimized for low power, the Intel chipset it is paired with is not so much, and the CPU accounts for only 20% of the total power consuption of most netbooks. Being as most use the same chipset and motherboard, there is little variation on that front between not only the various Eee models, but the MSI Wind, the Acer Aspire, and the HP Mini.

Whereas initially, netbooks ran a stripped down Linux distribution, which many replaced with other distributions, or Windows. Now, most ship with Windows XP, although Microsoft has a version of Windows 7 which will be for netbook use.  Windows 7 may has some major limitations though, especially in the Starter version likely to end up on netbooks, but it is a major improvement over Windows Vista. We’ll stick with Linux though.

After all that, we’ve bought a MSI Wind to enjoy. The Wind was available to us in a U100 or U120 configuration. We got the U100 for only $299. Unlike the U120, it offers an extra slot for an additional GB of RAM. The 120 is more streamlined, and offered additional battery life. We opted to buy an extra battery separately. We have thoughts of upgrading it with additional RAM and possibly a new wireless card.

The Wind will serve us well on the go, small enough to be carried around anywhere we go, without the bulkiness of a regular laptop. We may even write some entries on it. More to come on this.

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Published on March 19, 2009
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New iPod Shuffle locks out Unapproved Accessories

A stack of the iPods I now own... included are...
Image via Wikipedia

The new iPod Shuffle, to many people’s frustrations, moves the controls off of the unit onto the headphones. Most found this means that non-Apple headphones will require a special dongle that includes the new three-button controller. As Engadget put it, “if you want to use your own cans[headphones]: assuming the adapter will cost between $20 and $30 like most other Apple accessories, you’re looking at minimum $100 outlay for the new shuffle, and at that point you might as well pick up a $150 iPod nano.

Now, this new Shuffle uses a specialt chip to lock out aftermarket accessories that aren’t authorized by Apple. This chip can’t legally be reverse-engineered, and thus Apple now controls the headphone and adaptor market for the Shuffle, because you have to have the chip in order to produce an accessory with the necessary control buttons.

Thus, Apple, which already has a serious command of the music player market share, has ensured they will control and tax every part of the iPod purchase, headphones, chargers, music…and will force users to repurchase things they already own, ie headphones, to be compatible.

Crunchgear, which has a picture of the DRM chip, points out that Apple has a long history of creating “authenticated” hardware and this definitely could be a situation where Apple is adding lock-in controls to their hardware if not actual DRM. It is one of our pet peeves with Apple dating back years. Their attempt to control the process at every level, giving little or no freedom to the user. They’d relaxed somewhat, but now this philosophy is back.

We’re told that Apple offered to sell developers the chip for $1 in a bundle with a $2 microphone, costs which are then multiplied and passed on to consumers. There are also authentication chips inside the new Apple Earphones with Remote and Mic, and the In-Ear Headphones with Remote and Mic. It is not technically a DRM chip, as many said, it is merely a controller that sends signals in a proprietary format. But they could have easily put that in the device instead of the headphones, if they wished.

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Published on March 16, 2009
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Dvorak Likes Linux – Good or Bad?

Dvorak hosting Episode 19 of CrankyGeeks.
Image via Wikipedia

We like John C. Dvorak. He’s a well known tech pundit, very outspoken, and interesting to read. However, one of the most interesting aspects of reading Dvorak is how often we disagree with him.

Dvorak has finally discovered Ubuntu 8.10, four months after the current version was released.

Many of its problems, for me, stem from its inability to run on my overloaded hardware, or the occasional driver that makes the OS impossible to use without hand-tweaking something or other.

To disagree with Mr. Dvorak, Linux has made great strides in hardware support, with both independent developers and hardware manufacturers working to ensure support. The simplest way to ensure you don’t come across a device that isn’t supported under Linux is to check before you buy it. Most devices are. So far, since we switched to Linux, we’ve only found a noname GPS receiver, a Canon Scanner, and a Radio Shack postal scale failing to work under it. But we usually check before we buy. Most minor hardware issues can usually be resolved with a little online searching. Even he admits Linux support is increasing on new hardware.

He does point out many good things about Linux during his exploration of Ubuntu.

  • The lightweight nature of it makes it perfect for older machines. Many distributions offer lower memory(RAM or HD) alternatives to programs, such as Abiword instead of OpenOffice, XFCE or Sugar instead of Gnome or KDE, etc.
  • “There is probably a Linux program that will substitute for just about any Windows programs with as much or more functionality.” Not sure we agree with him on Photoshop vs. Gimp, but we’re not artists.
  • Linux is mostly immune to malware and viruses, as the bulk of such things are written for Windows.
  • The Windows registry is ultimately flawed. It is an increasingly unwieldy database that over time, slows Windows to a crawl.

He does note that the Linux desktops are not as polished as Windows. However, we’re not sure whether or not he tried Compiz Fusion, which enables all those nice windows animations. We loved watching them, but we loved speed more, and ultimately turned them off. For productivity use, we’d rather simplify.

Even the French police recognize the wonder of Linux. They’ve saved millions by migrating to Ubuntu. Currently, they are running Ubuntu on about 5,000 workstations with long term plans to have their entire organization (90,000 workstations) running Ubuntu by 2015. Their budget has been reduced by seventy percent without losing any functionality.

We’d love to hear your thoughts on this. Comment with your thoughts.

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Published on March 12, 2009
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Kindle All Over the Place

Image representing Amazon Kindle as depicted i...
Image via CrunchBase

PC Magazine has a great article this week about the success of the Kindle, entitled Amazon’s Kindle Secret is in the Software. In it, Dan Costa argues that the announcement of a free Kindle Reader for the iPhone cements Amazon’s leadership role in the e-book market.

If you didn’t hear, Amazon released a Kindle reader for the iPhone and iPod Touch. Not only will it allow you access to the content you’ve purchased on the Kindle(if you have such content), but it will take you to where you left off, and allow you to view, but not edit, annotations and bookmarks you made on the Kindle. Thus, it seems to be for people who have already bought a Kindle, and wish to use their iPhone as a secondary reading device. And you need a computer to buy the books, it is apparently not easy to do from the iPhone itself(Disclosure: None here owns an iPhone)

What Amazon offers through Kindle is a DRM system for e-books. While the DRM is up to the content providers, most publishers have opted to lock up their books. Now, they are allowing content providers to enable or disable the text-to-speech options for their books. It is this closed format that allows Amazon to have collected over 230,000 titles in Kindle format. The Kindle doesn’t support ePub, the open digital book standard sponsored by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF).

As Costa puts it:

Open-minded publishers like Tim O’Reilly, founder and CEO of O’Reilly Media, have already balked at joining Amazon’s single-source, single-file-format delivery system. As the market grows, so will the demand for alternatives. Even Apple supports multiple file formats on the iPod.

We object to any locked device. We understand DRM, but any good device should support alternative choices. As O’Reilly Radar points out, Amazon wants to own not only the hardware market, and the e-book format market. By releasing applications for other devices, they can do that. Techfragments predicts that a desktop and/or web-based version is probably in the works. The sync that allows you to pick up where you left off on the iPhone from your Kindle could work well on the desktop. And with hardcover book sized netbooks becoming popular, this will be another platform they can offer.

Amazon pushing the books over the devices will allow them greater long-term profit and control of the market. They can continue to offer free applications, offer a hardware device, and reap the benefits on all fronts.

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Published on March 8, 2009
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Less than Four Percent Not Ready for DTV

Since mid-February, the original digital television transition date, more than a half-million homes have prepared themselves for the revised transition date of June 12. As of March 1st, 3.9% are unprepared, compared to 5.1% a month earlier.

In a surprising move, older households(55+) are still the most ready of the groups, with the least ready under 35. Of course, these under 35s may have cable, and thus need no change, or dumped cable in favor of Netflix or IPTV. The statistics Nielson provides do not cover why this might be.

Assuming these statistics are accurate, what do you think? We’d love to hear your comments.

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Published on March 8, 2009
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